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On the other hand, some sport critics focus on a variety of negative health-related behaviors they believe are associated with athletic participation such as binge drinking (Zill, Nord & Loomis, 1995); drug use; on- and off-the-field aggression (Nixon, 1997; Pilz, 1982); the "female triad," namely eating disorders, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis (Taub & Blinde, 1992); actions that result in unintentional injury and death, such as irresponsible automobile, motorcycle, and bicycle use (Baumert, Henderson, & Thompson, 1998); and unprotected sex.The contribution of athletic participation to adolescent healthful living is a contentious issue ("Studies Raise Doubts," 1993). Despite an impressive corpus of research literature on the subject, the precise nature of the relationship between high school athletic participation and healthy behavior remains unclear, with research studies providing more questions than answers (Thorlindsson, Vilhjalmsson, & Valgeirsson, 1990). The present study was undertaken to investigate how nationally representative samples of moderately and highly involved female and male high school athletes compare with their nonathletic peers on a single health-related behavior, tobacco use (i.e., cigarette and cigar smoking and smokeless tobacco use), an addictive behavior that often begins in adolescence and is associated with increased rates of vascular and pulmonary disease in adulthood. We examined the relationship between high school athletic participation and tobacco use by replicating as well as improving upon previous research. Specifically, the strengths of the investigation include: (1) a recently sampled, nationally representative population of public and private high school students; (2) a greater focus on female users; (3) use of a measure of athletic participation which differentiates between highly involved and moderately involved athletes; (4) attention to both cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use; (5) a look at cigar smoking among high school athletes and nonathletes; and (6) a carefully controlled research design.

On the other hand, some sport critics focus on a variety of negative health-related behaviors they believe are associated with athletic participation such as binge drinking (Zill, Nord & Loomis, 1995); drug use; on- and off-the-field aggression (Nixon, 1997; Pilz, 1982); the "female triad," namely eating disorders, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis (Taub & Blinde, 1992); actions that result in unintentional injury and death, such as irresponsible automobile, motorcycle, and bicycle use (Baumert, Henderson, & Thompson, 1998); and unprotected sex.The contribution of athletic participation to adolescent healthful living is a contentious issue ("Studies Raise Doubts," 1993). Despite an impressive corpus of research literature on the subject, the precise nature of the relationship between high school athletic participation and healthy behavior remains unclear, with research studies providing more questions than answers (Thorlindsson, Vilhjalmsson, & Valgeirsson, 1990). The present study was undertaken to investigate how nationally representative samples of moderately and highly involved female and male high school athletes compare with their nonathletic peers on a single health-related behavior, tobacco use (i.e., cigarette and cigar smoking and smokeless tobacco use), an addictive behavior that often begins in adolescence and is associated with increased rates of vascular and pulmonary disease in adulthood. We examined the relationship between high school athletic participation and tobacco use by replicating as well as improving upon previous research. Specifically, the strengths of the investigation include: (1) a recently sampled, nationally representative population of public and private high school students; (2) a greater focus on female users; (3) use of a measure of athletic participation which differentiates between highly involved and moderately involved athletes; (4) attention to both cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use; (5) a look at cigar smoking among high school athletes and nonathletes; and (6) a carefully controlled research design.

CLICK HERE to view the selection of the most dependable and reputable cigar and tobacco retailers on the internet! Or talk to one of our very own cigar afficionados and find the perfect assortment of fine tobaccos for your personal collection.